The article dwells on the rivalry of two great powers of antiquity, those of Rome and Parthia which entailed forced migration of Romans to Central Asia. It is marked that in the period of 53-35 B.Ch. over scores of thousands of men were replaced from Western territories to Central Asia, primarily these ones were Italian and Celtic war captives, there were also the inhabitants of Syria, Palestine and Minor Asia states being in subordination under the Roman republic. The wars caused a forwarding of Roman war captives to the Eastern frontiers of the country by Parthians in order to preclude a rebellion on the part of Roman migrants. The major part of the latters were used for manual jobs: being placed in Marghiana. Migrations served as an important link of ethnocultural processes, it promoted a change of habitation environment, an interaction between various cultures.
Key-words: migration, Rome, Port, Marghiana, war captives, civil wars
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