Some syntactic features of poetic speech are analyzed, structural and semantic features of a ghazal are shown on the example of one ghazal of Jaloliddin Rumi and one ghazal of Kamol Khujandi. It is emphasized that in poetry the semantic and grammatical (syntactic) aspect of expression depends on the meter, meter, rhyme of the verse and certain changes in syntactic units; the syntactic structure of the verse does not disappear, but adapts to the size, meter and rhyme. The minimal unit of poetry (line or bait) imposes certain restrictions on syntactic structure. Poetic size, metrics and types of rhymes are associated with the possibilities of distribution of syntactic structures (figures). The syntactic and poetic features of some types of poetry provide more opportunities for coherent and extended complex sentences and periods. The study of the syntactic structure of Jaloliddin Rumi’s ghazal “Khamebinem sokiro, ki girdi jom megardad” and Kamol Khujandi’s ghazal “Sufi az rindon bipshad mai, ki dar hilvat binshad” showed that the syntactic and poetic features of this type of poetry provide more opportunities for using coherent and detailed complex offers and periods. To express complex thoughts and convey subtle meanings, poets used complex, complicated, complex, mixed complex sentences, which is a very interesting phenomenon and testifies to their high talent and unique skill. It is also noted that the sentences in these ghazals are not long in terms of volume and consist of 13-22 words.
Key-words: poetry, syntax, hypotaxis, dissonance, structure, coincidence, transfer, syntactic unit, line, compound sentence, complex coordinative sentence, complex subordinating sentence, mixed complex sentence
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