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THE FORMATION AND EVOLUTION OF DEKHKAN (FARM) IN SOVEREIGN TAJIKISTAN: STAGES OF FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT CHARACTERISTICS

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Abdurashitov F.M., Homidzoda F.M.

Abstract

The article examines the process of formation and evolution of dehkan (farm) households in sovereign Tajikistan as one of the key institutions of agrarian transformation in the post-Soviet period. Based on an analysis of regulatory and legal acts, statistical materials, and domestic scientific publications, the main stages of the development of dehkan farms from the early 1990s to the present stage are traced. Particular attention is paid to the socio-economic and institutional prerequisites for the transition from the collective-state farm system to a multi-structured model of agriculture, in which dehkan farms have taken a dominant place. Key stages in the development of dehkan farming are identified, characterized by changes in land use patterns, the transformation of production relations, and the evolution of state agricultural policy. The impact of land reform, privatization processes, and state support measures on the quantitative growth and qualitative changes of dehkan farms is analyzed. It is shown that, despite institutional and resource limitations, dehkan farms have become the basis for ensuring food security in the country and an important factor in the employment of the rural population. The conclusion is presented that the formation and development of dehkan (farm) households under conditions of sovereignty combined elements of the traditional rural way of life with market mechanisms of management, but the transformation process of transition to a market economy was accompanied by many difficulties. The necessity of a comprehensive historical and economic approach to the study of the problem is substantiated, allowing to identify sustainable trends and specific features of the agricultural development of Tajikistan during the period of independence.

Keywords

sovereign Tajikistan; dehkan (farm) household; agrarian transformation; transformation process; market economy; land reform; changes in land use patterns

References

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